黑五买了几个新的小鸡,为了测性能,试着在Debian 9/10上开启下Google TCP BBR,发现效果挺明显的,特记录一下。其他系统待测。
一、什么是BBR?BBR的好处?
BBR是Google提出的一种TCP拥塞(数据包丢失)控制机制,源码在Github上开源。 TCP拥塞控制机制是基于损耗的拥塞控制机制,直白地说,当瓶颈缓冲区较小时,它会将吞吐量降低;而瓶颈缓冲区较大时,它会将吞吐量增大。其实有多种可用的TCP拥塞控制机制(例如Reno和Cubic等),Google BBR只是其中之一。
相比于其他几个拥塞控制算法,BBR可以有效优化网络传输性能,提升访问服务器速度:
Google Cloud Platform GCP使用BBR,允许应用程序以闪电般的速度访问其云服务;
YouTube之类的Google服务使用了BBR,可以使得用户从YouTube获得更好的体验;
我们自己服务器安装/开启BBR后,可以使得服务器上的网站或节点被更快地访问...
二、如何安装/开启 BBR
目前,只能在Linux操作系统中启用Google BBR。 如果Linux系统的内核是4.9或更高版本,则可以启用BBR:默认情况下,系统使用Reno和Cubic,但是内核还包括Google BBR算法,可以手动启用。如果Linux系统的内核低于4.9,可以将内核升级到4.9再开启BBR。这里系统是Debian 9/10,直接开启BBR即可。
查看系统当前的TCP拥塞控制算法
1. 运行
sysctl net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control
输出
net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control = cubic
2. 运行
sysctl net.ipv4.tcp_available_congestion_control
输出
net.ipv4.tcp_available_congestion_control = reno cubic
可以看出,系统使用的TCP拥塞控制算法是Reno和Cubic,其中默认的是Cubic
开启BBR
命令行依次输入
grep -qxF 'net.core.default_qdisc=fq' /etc/sysctl.conf || echo 'net.core.default_qdisc=fq' >> /etc/sysctl.conf grep -qxF 'net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control=bbr' /etc/sysctl.conf || echo 'net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control=bbr' >> /etc/sysctl.conf sysctl -p
如果配置文件中不存在以上相关配置,则新增。其中-q表示静默方式查找,-x表示匹配整行...
如果提示
sysctl: setting key "net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control": No such file or directory
说明内核中没有bbr,检查系统内核是否高于4.9哦
验证BBR是否开启成功
命令行输入
sysctl net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control
如果输出
net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control = bbr
即表示BBR开启成功。
三、开启前后效果对比
这里跑了下superbench脚本
wget -qO- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/oooldking/script/master/superbench.sh | sudo bash
VirMach VPS
VirMach Los Angeles启用BBR之前
---------------------------------------------------------------------- Superbench.sh -- https://www.oldking.net/350.html Mode : Standard Version : 1.1.7 Usage : wget -qO- sb.oldking.net | bash ---------------------------------------------------------------------- CPU Model : QEMU Virtual CPU version (cpu64-rhel6) CPU Cores : 2 Cores 2499.998 MHz x86_64 CPU Cache : 4096 KB OS : Debian GNU/Linux 10 (64 Bit) KVM Kernel : 4.19.0-6-amd64 Total Space : 1.1 GB / 45.0 GB Total RAM : 53 MB / 1869 MB (367 MB Buff) Total SWAP : 0 MB / 255 MB Uptime : 0 days 15 hour 7 min Load Average : 0.00, 0.00, 0.00 TCP CC : cubic ASN & ISP : AS36352, ColoCrossing Organization : Virtual Machine Solutions LLC Location : Los Angeles, United States / US Region : California ---------------------------------------------------------------------- I/O Speed( 1.0GB ) : 409 MB/s I/O Speed( 1.0GB ) : 411 MB/s I/O Speed( 1.0GB ) : 463 MB/s Average I/O Speed : 427.7 MB/s ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Node Name Upload Speed Download Speed Latency Speedtest.net 895.12 Mbit/s 409.90 Mbit/s (*)60.11 ms Fast.com 0.00 Mbit/s 154.1 Mbit/s - Nanjing 5G CT 176.96 Mbit/s 1865.96 Mbit/s 135.78 ms Hefei 5G CT 0.49 Mbit/s 54.33 Mbit/s 153.14 ms Guangzhou 5G CT 0.14 Mbit/s 1169.21 Mbit/s 175.24 ms TianJin 5G CU 0.38 Mbit/s 37.82 Mbit/s 369.61 ms Shanghai 5G CU 0.21 Mbit/s 1322.17 Mbit/s 254.40 ms Guangzhou 5G CU FAILED Mbit/s 294.15 Mbit/s 322.03 ms Tianjin 5G CM 0.24 Mbit/s 565.61 Mbit/s 253.24 ms Hefei 5G CM 0.35 Mbit/s 707.64 Mbit/s 205.84 ms Changsha 5G CM 0.92 Mbit/s 621.04 Mbit/s 213.99 ms ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Finished in : 6 min 28 sec Timestamp : 2020-12-16 22:47:16 GMT+8 Results : ./superbench.log
VirMach Los Angeles启用BBR之后
---------------------------------------------------------------------- Superbench.sh -- https://www.oldking.net/350.html Mode : Standard Version : 1.1.7 Usage : wget -qO- sb.oldking.net | bash ---------------------------------------------------------------------- CPU Model : QEMU Virtual CPU version (cpu64-rhel6) CPU Cores : 2 Cores 2499.998 MHz x86_64 CPU Cache : 4096 KB OS : Debian GNU/Linux 10 (64 Bit) KVM Kernel : 4.19.0-6-amd64 Total Space : 1.1 GB / 45.0 GB Total RAM : 57 MB / 1869 MB (377 MB Buff) Total SWAP : 0 MB / 255 MB Uptime : 0 days 15 hour 20 min Load Average : 0.05, 0.06, 0.02 TCP CC : bbr ASN & ISP : AS36352, ColoCrossing Organization : Virtual Machine Solutions LLC Location : Los Angeles, United States / US Region : California ---------------------------------------------------------------------- I/O Speed( 1.0GB ) : 511 MB/s I/O Speed( 1.0GB ) : 391 MB/s I/O Speed( 1.0GB ) : 478 MB/s Average I/O Speed : 460.0 MB/s ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Node Name Upload Speed Download Speed Latency Speedtest.net 687.04 Mbit/s 385.34 Mbit/s (*)55.80 ms Fast.com 0.00 Mbit/s 137.0 Mbit/s - Nanjing 5G CT 283.86 Mbit/s 1810.37 Mbit/s 137.77 ms Hefei 5G CT 28.39 Mbit/s 71.54 Mbit/s 162.99 ms Guangzhou 5G CT 0.34 Mbit/s 36.96 Mbit/s 170.26 ms TianJin 5G CU 0.74 Mbit/s 0.40 Mbit/s 286.44 ms Shanghai 5G CU 10.50 Mbit/s 1616.95 Mbit/s 232.41 ms Tianjin 5G CM 11.46 Mbit/s 593.42 Mbit/s 234.04 ms ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Finished in : 4 min 45 sec Timestamp : 2020-12-16 22:58:37 GMT+8 Results : ./superbench.log
Oracle VPS
Oracle San Jose启用BBR之前
---------------------------------------------------------------------- Superbench.sh -- https://www.oldking.net/350.html Mode : Standard Version : 1.1.7 Usage : wget -qO- sb.oldking.net | bash ---------------------------------------------------------------------- CPU Model : AMD EPYC 7551 32-Core Processor CPU Cores : 2 Cores 1996.248 MHz x86_64 CPU Cache : 512 KB OS : Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS (64 Bit) KVM Kernel : 5.4.0-1029-oracle Total Space : 6.0 GB / 45.3 GB Total RAM : 261 MB / 976 MB (572 MB Buff) Total SWAP : 396 MB / 1024 MB Uptime : 13 days 3 hour 56 min Load Average : 0.61, 0.19, 0.05 TCP CC : cubic ASN & ISP : AS31898, Oracle Corporation Organization : Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (us-sanjose-1) Location : San Jose, United States / US Region : California ---------------------------------------------------------------------- I/O Speed( 1.0GB ) : 54.7 MB/s I/O Speed( 1.0GB ) : 51.0 MB/s I/O Speed( 1.0GB ) : 51.0 MB/s Average I/O Speed : 52.2 MB/s ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Node Name Upload Speed Download Speed Latency Speedtest.net 46.34 Mbit/s 46.38 Mbit/s 1.72 ms Fast.com 0.00 Mbit/s 46.4 Mbit/s - Nanjing 5G CT 46.37 Mbit/s 48.64 Mbit/s 151.51 ms Hefei 5G CT 0.62 Mbit/s 48.21 Mbit/s 152.18 ms Guangzhou 5G CT 0.24 Mbit/s 28.06 Mbit/s 184.97 ms TianJin 5G CU 2.75 Mbit/s 50.35 Mbit/s 184.95 ms Shanghai 5G CU 1.67 Mbit/s 41.87 Mbit/s 218.46 ms Guangzhou 5G CU 0.98 Mbit/s 7.93 Mbit/s 323.18 ms Tianjin 5G CM 0.41 Mbit/s 50.66 Mbit/s 239.03 ms Nanjing 5G CM FAILED Mbit/s 21.55 Mbit/s 275.89 ms Hefei 5G CM 1.05 Mbit/s 8.68 Mbit/s 202.29 ms Changsha 5G CM 4.19 Mbit/s 51.99 Mbit/s 190.52 ms ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Finished in : 7 min 29 sec Timestamp : 2020-12-17 00:35:49 GMT+8 Results : ./superbench.log
Oracle San Jose启用BBR之后
---------------------------------------------------------------------- Superbench.sh -- https://www.oldking.net/350.html Mode : Standard Version : 1.1.7 Usage : wget -qO- sb.oldking.net | bash ---------------------------------------------------------------------- CPU Model : AMD EPYC 7551 32-Core Processor CPU Cores : 2 Cores 1996.248 MHz x86_64 CPU Cache : 512 KB OS : Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS (64 Bit) KVM Kernel : 5.4.0-1029-oracle Total Space : 6.0 GB / 45.3 GB Total RAM : 212 MB / 976 MB (250 MB Buff) Total SWAP : 434 MB / 1024 MB Uptime : 13 days 4 hour 39 min Load Average : 0.02, 0.05, 0.10 TCP CC : bbr ASN & ISP : AS31898, Oracle Corporation Organization : Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (us-sanjose-1) Location : San Jose, United States / US Region : California ---------------------------------------------------------------------- I/O Speed( 1.0GB ) : 56.3 MB/s I/O Speed( 1.0GB ) : 51.2 MB/s I/O Speed( 1.0GB ) : 49.7 MB/s Average I/O Speed : 52.4 MB/s ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Node Name Upload Speed Download Speed Latency Speedtest.net 47.30 Mbit/s 46.49 Mbit/s 0.43 ms Fast.com 0.00 Mbit/s 45.8 Mbit/s - Nanjing 5G CT 51.99 Mbit/s 48.26 Mbit/s 151.81 ms Hefei 5G CT 39.40 Mbit/s 43.81 Mbit/s 135.84 ms TianJin 5G CU 46.63 Mbit/s 29.63 Mbit/s 187.59 ms Shanghai 5G CU 48.78 Mbit/s 10.97 Mbit/s 201.08 ms Guangzhou 5G CU 36.67 Mbit/s 31.43 Mbit/s 280.63 ms Tianjin 5G CM 45.91 Mbit/s 52.03 Mbit/s 224.60 ms Wuxi 5G CM 2.83 Mbit/s 34.39 Mbit/s 318.18 ms Nanjing 5G CM 1.75 Mbit/s 33.98 Mbit/s 251.54 ms Hefei 5G CM 45.97 Mbit/s 8.80 Mbit/s 201.81 ms Changsha 5G CM 46.36 Mbit/s 50.41 Mbit/s 176.72 ms ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Finished in : 7 min 14 sec Timestamp : 2020-12-17 01:18:40 GMT+8 Results : ./superbench.log
可以看出几个Upload速度,尤其是在本来就很低的线路(例如Shang CU和Tianjin CM)上有明显提升。意味着如果我们是搭建节点,那么我们使用节点的时候的本地下载速度会突破瓶颈得以提升。
四、后记
博主完全业余,仅简单记录操作过程,欢迎留言指正。另外这里测速时间刚好是晚高峰,每次结果都存在明显波动,但总体上对于瓶颈改善(或多或少)是有的,开启后的实际效果小伙伴自测!
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